A grain of sand history

In class we are leaning about sand so these articles are taking what we learned and talking about one particular place where it is from. I am enjoying the articles and how the sand form Hawaii is different from the beaches around us or the ones we go to, The sand comes from tiny grains of rocks and the color. The beaches are made from pebbles and rocks. The beach waves deposits the sand and the gravel along the shore line. They become worn smooth from being rolled around all the time. They get rolled from the waves moving up and down.  The coastal processes modify the sand overtime. Sometimes little sand gets onto the middle of the beach but that happened a long time ago. The erosions of beaches happen more often after major storms and make it replenishment to look at it that way. People like to look at how the beach looks like when they go.  Hawaii beaches are the best beaches in the world because of the sand. The sand is white and beautiful. The teeth in their throats help break down to be able to be in the sand. The sand factories are producing 840 pounds per year. There is hundreds of tons of fish in the sand per year.  The beaches that we look at in the microscope are different colors and form different places. To me this is awesome to look at different places through the microscope to just look at the sand. Over all, the beaches sands that we look at are from different places, colors, and the shapes of each sand is through the microscope. I really enjoyed these articles because I learned a lot from them that I didn't know. I also enjoyed looking through the microscope to look at the sand to see what they looked like. 

Earth's movement

          We have learned many things in Oceanography about the plate’s movement. This is based off of the Earth’s lithosphere. The lithosphere is the outermost part of the shell. The things that make the plate tectonics move are the gravity, the stuff in the mantle, and the rotation of the planet. They make us move because of the energy that is making us move due to the movement. It makes up get new land because of the movement of the things that it makes us move. It makes us move the lower points to makes room for the new land. The movement of each movement makes the movement change. The separation of the plates makes each one a different movement. The rapid movement makes the plates move to different parts. It does that because of how they move because of each part that needs to be done. The low density of the movement moves then it is able to get a new one. The separation of each one happens after the mantle is able to get a new one. The movement depends on how hot the interior is will get how hot and how quick the interior movement takes.  The results of the movement determine if there will be any new questions. There are always new questions on how fast the movement is and how long it will take over time. It brings over time how the scientists figure out how the whole thing works but also why it will be happening. No matter what, over time the plates have moved and they will always be moving so we can have new plates underneath us. It happens because of the way earth is turning and how long it takes to turn over time. They will be able to form new ones all the time. 

Extra Credit

My opinion on this is that I liked it because of what they are telling us. I like how they took 50,000 photos to make it look 3-D. I can't believe a loaded vessel was found in 70 A.D. After it was loaded it crashed into a sheer rock wall on the island of Antikythera and then it sank. The ship had a huge array of precious objects like the richest cache that was found in the Mediterranean. The wreck was between 135 to about 150 feet deep and this made the diver only be able to spend a few minutes looking. I can’t believe they stayed with the Greek government and the reek government. They stayed at the Institution. They have a return to Antikythera that begins in September and end about October 12^th.   There are divers that visit about 114 years ago and 38 years ago. There is only a small portion of the wreck about 20 percent that was explored. They use a brass computer every day to look. The sites can be located everywhere. They use the 3-D maps to look at the bottom.  The humans can only go down 1,000 feet and stay on the bottom for 40 hours. They would have liked to do it remotely but they weren't able to do it. Over all, I really enjoyed this article and the facts. 

Ocean Navigation

We learned that compasses are used to improve the oceans navigation that people are trying to find there point. The compasses were invented in the Middle Ages.  We learned how to use the map to find the exact point that we had to find but then we used the compass to find the rest. Back in the day they used the North star to find their way around before the compass was invented. The compass wouldn't of worked really well if they didn't have two points to go to. The compass would actually find the way of how they would help the map to find the exact way to go. They used the map and the satellite to find the way when the compasses aren't invented. They use the chronometer to find the exact time of the longitude of the ship while sailing away. The first one was invented in 1761 by John Harrison but it wasn't until the year after that they actually made it work to use the latitude and longitude. They compasses, maps and the chronometer are very helpful in this time to know where we are going. The modern technology is used fill but I still know people that are using the compass to find their way.  It would of helped if we used a map to find the cards because they hid them in spots that we couldn't find or we didn't know where they were. This technology is modern but people still like to use the technology from the past to find their way. They do it because they think not all modern technology is good because it may not always work. They also want to teach their kids what they used in the past so they can tell their friends or their kids what they learned from their parents. No matter what, technology changing is helpful but still using the compass and chronometer is helpful. 

Life Waves

Wave Length and Frequency: The color violet has the highest frequency because of how high the color is on the rainbow.  The electromagnetic spectrum is  the colors violet, blue, green, yellow, orange, and red.    The visible light is all of the colors. They break to get into the viable light.  The relationship is that they are a broken into the visible light and to get into all the gamma rays. They break into many others things too. 


Light Reflection and Reflection: 

1.        Place two mirrors together at right angles at a common edge and tape them at the corner (on the back) to hinge them in this position. (If you have the folding mirrors, just use them instead.)

2.       Place a quarter in front of the mirrors in the corner between the hinged part of the mirrors. What do you observe? I observe that there was a reflection. Where is the image? On the mirror How tall is the image? Not tall at all so it was flat  What are the characteristics of the image? The reflection and backwards

3.       Slowly move the two unhinged ends of the mirrors towards each other so the angle becomes smaller. What do you observe? Reflection and backwards

4.      Remove the quarter. Place half an image at a 90 degree angle to a mirror. What do you observe? more quarters Where is the image? on the mirror  How tall is the image?  Not tall so it was flat What are the characteristics of the image? The reflection and backwards

5.       Place the mirror(s) on edge so they are upright on a printed piece of printed material. Place the mirror along the edge of one of the lines of print.  Compare the size and shape of the actual print with the reflection that you observe in the mirror?  The same image but it was backwards How are they alike? The same image

6.      Draw a circle (about the size of a quarter) on the paper about two inches from the mirror. Observe the placement of the actual circle on the paper with respect to the edge of the mirror and where the circle appears to be in the mirror:

7.       Print the word “REVERSAL” on the transparency sheet with the pen. Hold it up in front of the mirror so that you can read it directly. Compare what you see with what you see in the mirror. Describe what you see. The same image but the words was completely backwards.

Refraction Activity

Activity to do with opaque cup, water, coin:

1. Place a penny in the bottom of the empty cup. Use a folded piece of transparent tape under the penny to keep it from moving later.
2. Stand and slowly back away from the cup until the edge of the cup blocks your view of the penny. (So that you can’t see the penny any more.)
3. Keep your head in this position while a partner slowly pours water into the cup. What do you observe? The reflection
4. What fraction of the cup is filled when the edge of the penny first comes into view? 2/3
5. What fraction of the cup is filled when you are able to see the whole penny. (Some may not be able to see the whole penny at any time. If so, record that fact instead.) I saw the whole thing.

Activity to do with transparent glass or cup; pen, pencil or ruler; water:

1. Fill the cup or glass about 2/3 full with water.
2. Observe the pen, pencil or ruler when it is in the air. They floated
3. Place the pen in the glass of water so that it rests at an angle.
4. Observe the pen by looking at it with your eye lined up with the pen. Notice what you see at the water level. Compare how the pen looks now and how it looked before you placed it in the water. Describe what you see. The reflection, they were wet, and you can see the light. 
5. Hold the pen vertical in the water and observe it as you move it left and right. Compare the part above the water level with the part below the water level. Describe what you see. The reflection 
6. Hold the pen vertical and move it towards your eye and away from your eye. Describe what you observe. The light was moving and reflection as you moved it. 

Analysis

Write a paragraph explaining why all this works. Hint: What do our eyes use from the sun or lamps in order to see everything and anything around us? You are able to see where you are going and what you are doing. 

Reflection

We wanted to see if we could pop a balloon. My group has not calculated the mechanical advantage. The energy that we used is that we do not know what it is because we didn't get to that point. We did not have any difficulty until we got to a point of where we didn't know what to do next. We did use four out of the six simple machines. We used incline plane, wedge, wheel and axle and lever. I drew out all of the draft of out project but I didn't do the final drawing of the project. One of my partners and I did pretty much all of the hard part. We had 11 steps to be able to pop a balloon. A. Car goes down a ramp and one of us hits it B. Car hits the golf ball C. Golf ball goes down the first ramp D. Golf ball goes down the second ramp E. The metal bar falls on the fork. F. The fork flings the wooden block up G. The cube knocks the domino's over H. The domino's hot the ball over so it falls off the table. I. The ball lands on the sew saw J. The see saw pushes the pin over K. The pin pops the balloon.

“Rube Goldberg and Simple Machines”.

1. Rube Goldberg is  employed by the New York Journal America until his retirement in 1964 where thereafter he made bronze sculptors. He makes sculptures of things. He makes scripts of what he did. He created many things The Weekly Meeting of the Tuesday Women's Club, Lunatics I Have Met, The Candy Kid, Mike and Ike, Boob McNutt, Lala Palooza, Foolish Questions, Sideshow, Father Was Right, I'm the Guy, and They all Looked Good When They Are Far Away.

2.  “Journal Entry: Energy Transfer and Simple Machine Learning”.

3.   

	Inclined Plane-A plane is a flat surface
	Wedge- a wedge is actually a kind of inclined plane
	Screw- take an inclined plane and wrap it around a cylinder.
	Lever-an arm that "pivots" (or turns) against a "fulcrum" (or point).
	Wheel and Axle- moves objects across distances.
	Pulley- a cord wraps around a wheel.

4.    For each simple machine, provide instruction for calculation of mechanical advantage.

Lever: MA = length of effort arm ÷ length of resistance arm.
Wheel and axle: A wheel Has a lever on one arm and rotate it. 
Pulley: Pulleys change the direction of a tension force on a flexible material.

5.    For each simple machine, upload a picture depicting the simple machine.

Inclined Plane Wedge Screw Lever  Wheel and Axle Pulley

6.    Write a brief description of types of energy and how energy changes.

Nonrenewable Sources of Energy is it is gone forever.

Renewable Sources of Energy is it can be used over and over again.